Ear wax, or cerumen, is a naturally occurring substance produced by glands in the ear canal.It serves a very important purpose: to protect the delicate skin of the ear canal from bacteria, dust, and water.Everyone produces it, but the amount and type can vary from person to person.Problems arise when the wax builds up and obstructs the ear canal, which can lead to hearing loss, tinnitus, or a feeling of fullness. This is when professional cleaning becomes necessary.